杨德超

       在寒冷的冬天,喜欢开着热水器一直冲.

      这热水一冲,所以的遗憾和辛劳便都随着水流而去.

      我记得在厦大的那个极度郁闷的七月,生活被悬搁起来,  日子仿佛停止在那里,于是每天便用热水不停的冲.

      热水器已成为生活的极度重要的组成部分.

 

在过去，只有政治课本或报纸说他们是什么，他们说了些什么。

今天，互联网可以让我们亲眼看见他们是什么，听他们说了些什么。

多年后，当人们评价这个时代，他们一定会说：互联网，这个伟大的工具带领中国进入全新的时代！

当地时间1月20日上午12点05分(北京时间21日凌晨1点05分)第56届(第44任)美国总统奥巴马发表了就职演说。奥巴马说，美国仍然是年轻的国家，但这个时代受到挑战，我们必须凝聚力量，重新塑造美国。

January 20,2009

　　My fellow citizens:

　　I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. I thank President Bush for his service to our nation, as well as the generosity and cooperation he has shown throughout this transition.

　　Forty-four Americans have now taken the presidential oath. The words have been spoken during rising tides of prosperity and the still waters of peace. Yet, every so often the oath is taken amidst gathering clouds and raging storms. At these moments, America has carried on not simply because of the skill or vision of those in high office, but because We the People have remained faithful to the ideals of our forbearers, and true to our founding documents.

　　So it has been. So it must be with this generation of Americans.

　　That we are in the midst of crisis is now well understood. Our nation is at war, against a far-reaching network of violence and hatred. Our economy is badly weakened, a consequence of greed and irresponsibility on the part of some, but also our collective failure to make hard choices and prepare the nation for a new age. Homes have been lost; jobs shed; businesses shuttered. Our health care is too costly; our schools fail too many; and each day brings further evidence that the ways we use energy strengthen our adversaries and threaten our planet.

　　These are the indicators of crisis, subject to data and statistics. Less measurable but no less profound is a sapping of confidence across our land - a nagging fear that America’s decline is inevitable, and that the next generation must lower its sights.

　　Today I say to you that the challenges we face are real. They are serious and they are many. They will not be met easily or in a short span of time. But know this, America - they will be met.

　　On this day, we gather because we have chosen hope over fear, unity of purpose over conflict and discord.

　　On this day, we come to proclaim an end to the petty grievances and false promises, the recriminations and worn out dogmas, that for far too long have strangled our politics.

　　We remain a young nation, but in the words of Scripture, the time has come to set aside childish things. The time has come to reaffirm our enduring spirit; to choose our better history; to carry forward that precious gift, that noble idea, passed on from generation to generation: the God-given promise that all are equal, all are free, and all deserve a chance to pursue their full measure of happiness.

　　In reaffirming the greatness of our nation, we understand that greatness is never a given. It must be earned. Our journey has never been one of short-cuts or settling for less. It has not been the path for the faint-hearted - for those who prefer leisure over work, or seek only the pleasures of riches and fame. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things - some celebrated but more often men and women obscure in their labor, who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.

　　For us, they packed up their few worldly possessions and traveled across oceans in search of a new life.

　　For us, they toiled in sweatshops and settled the West; endured the lash of the whip and plowed the hard earth.

　　For us, they fought and died, in places like Concord and Gettysburg; Normandy and Khe Sanh.

　　Time and again these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life. They saw America as bigger than the sum of our individual ambitions; greater than all the differences of birth or wealth or faction.

　　This is the journey we continue today. We remain the most prosperous, powerful nation on Earth. Our workers are no less productive than when this crisis began. Our minds are no less inventive, our goods and services no less needed than they were last week or last month or last year. Our capacity remains undiminished. But our time of standing pat, of protecting narrow interests and putting off unpleasant decisions - that time has surely passed. Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America.

　　For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act - not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.

　　Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions - who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.

　　What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them - that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works - whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who manage the public’s dollars will be held to account - to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day - because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.

　　Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control - and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our Gross Domestic Product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart - not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.

　　As for our common defense, we reject as false the choice between our safety and our ideals. Our Founding Fathers, faced with perils we can scarcely imagine, drafted a charter to assure the rule of law and the rights of man, a charter expanded by the blood of generations. Those ideals still light the world, and we will not give them up for expedience’s sake. And so to all other peoples and governments who are watching today, from the grandest capitals to the small village where my father was born: know that America is a friend of each nation and every man, woman, and child who seeks a future of peace and dignity, and that we are ready to lead once more.

　　Recall that earlier generations faced down fascism not just with missiles and tanks, but with sturdy alliances and enduring convictions. They understood that our power alone cannot protect us, nor does it entitle us to do as we please. Instead, they knew that our power grows through its prudent use; our security emanates from the justness of our cause, the force of our example, the tempering qualities of humility and restraint.

　　We are the keepers of this legacy. Guided by these principles once more, we can meet those new threats that demand even greater effort - even greater cooperation and understanding between nations. We will begin to responsibly leave Iraq to its people, and forge a hard-earned peace in Afghanistan. With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.

　　For we know that our patchwork heritage is a strength, not a weakness. We are a nation of Christians and Muslims, Jews and Hindus - and non-believers. We are shaped by every language and culture, drawn from every end of this Earth; and because we have tasted the bitter swill of civil war and segregation, and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of tribe shall soon dissolve; that as the world grows smaller, our common humanity shall reveal itself; and that America must play its role in ushering in a new era of peace.

　　To the Muslim world, we seek a new way forward, based on mutual interest and mutual respect. To those leaders around the globe who seek to sow conflict, or blame their society’s ills on the West - know that your people will judge you on what you can build, not what you destroy. To those who cling to power through corruption and deceit and the silencing of dissent, know that you are on the wrong side of history; but that we will extend a hand if you are willing to unclench your fist.

　　To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.

　　As we consider the road that unfolds before us, we remember with humble gratitude those brave Americans who, at this very hour, patrol far-off deserts and distant mountains. They have something to tell us today, just as the fallen heroes who lie in Arlington whisper through the ages. We honor them not only because they are guardians of our liberty, but because they embody the spirit of service; a willingness to find meaning in something greater than themselves. And yet, at this moment - a moment that will define a generation - it is precisely this spirit that must inhabit us all.

　　For as much as government can do and must do, it is ultimately the faith and determination of the American people upon which this nation relies. It is the kindness to take in a stranger when the levees break, the selflessness of workers who would rather cut their hours than see a friend lose their job which sees us through our darkest hours. It is the firefighter’s courage to storm a stairway filled with smoke, but also a parent’s willingness to nurture a child, that finally decides our fate.

　　Our challenges may be new. The instruments with which we meet them may be new. But those values upon which our success depends - hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism - these things are old. These things are true. They have been the quiet force of progress throughout our history. What is demanded then is a return to these truths. What is required of us now is a new era of responsibility - a recognition, on the part of every American, that we have duties to ourselves, our nation, and the world, duties that we do not grudgingly accept but rather seize gladly, firm in the knowledge that there is nothing so satisfying to the spirit, so defining of our character, than giving our all to a difficult task.

　　This is the price and the promise of citizenship.

　　This is the source of our confidence - the knowledge that God calls on us to shape an uncertain destiny.

　　This is the meaning of our liberty and our creed - why men and women and children of every race and every faith can join in celebration across this magnificent mall, and why a man whose father less than sixty years ago might not have been served at a local restaurant can now stand before you to take a most sacred oath.

　　So let us mark this day with remembrance, of who we are and how far we have traveled. In the year of America’s birth, in the coldest of months, a small band of patriots huddled by dying campfires on the shores of an icy river. The capital was abandoned. The enemy was advancing. The snow was stained with blood. At a moment when the outcome of our revolution was most in doubt, the father of our nation ordered these words be read to the people:

　　"Let it be told to the future world...that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive...that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it]."

　　America. In the face of our common dangers, in this winter of our hardship, let us remember these timeless words. With hope and virtue, let us brave once more the icy currents, and endure what storms may come. Let it be said by our children’s children that when we were tested we refused to let this journey end, that we did not turn back nor did we falter; and with eyes fixed on the horizon and God’s grace upon us, we carried forth that great gift of freedom and delivered it safely to future generations.

 

（本文翻译来源为网易,网易提供的翻译质量蛮高的！）

亲爱的同胞们：

今天我站在这里，为我们将面对的任重道远而慨叹。感谢你们对我寄托的信任，同时缅怀我们的前人所做出的牺牲。感谢布什总统为美国做出的贡献，以及他在总统任期交叠过程中的慷慨合作。

至此，共有四十四位美国人曾进行过总统宣誓。这一誓言曾在国家和平、欣欣向荣时做出过。然而这一誓词更曾在乌云笼罩和风暴袭来之时被宣读。美国人民之所以能够走过那些艰难的时刻，不仅仅是因为领袖的能力或远见；更是因为我们，我们人民，保持着对先人理想的忠诚，对我们国家创始文件的追随。

对于我们这一代美国人来说，也是这样，也必须这样。

国家正面临危机，这一点大家已经没有疑问。美国处在战争之中，面对一个有巨大影响力、充满暴力和仇恨的网络。我们的经济严重衰退。这来源于部分人的贪婪和不负责任，更由于作为一个整体，我们未能做出面对一个新时代的艰难决策。人民失去房屋、工作机会减少、商业活动遭到破坏。医疗保障过于昂贵，学校教育系统出现太多失败。而我们对能源的使用，日益让对手强大，与此同时又威胁着我们的星球。

这些，是从数据和统计中可以看到的危机信号。还有难以度量但同样深远的问题，那就是整个国家信心的缺失。那萦绕在我们头上的恐惧，认为美国的衰败不可避免，认为我们的下一代人不可能再有太高的期望。

今天我要对你们说，我们面临的挑战是真切的、严重的，而且有很多重。解决他们不可能很轻松，也不可能在短时间内发生。但美国人民，请记住这一点：这些挑战会被解决。

今天，我们聚集在一起，因为我们选择了希望而不是恐惧；我们选择了为共同的目标团结在一起，而不是冲突与争执。

今天，我们共同终结那些虚假的承诺、陈腐的教条、以及指摘与怨言。这些已经困扰了我们的政治体系太长时间。

我们的国家仍旧年轻，但借用圣经中的话，该是抛开那些孩子气的时候了。现在，需要重新拿出我们的坚韧精神，选择自己的历史。我们要延续代代相传的宝贵礼物，延续神圣的理想，那就是上帝赐予我们的承诺－－人人平等，人人自由，人人都有机会去追求最大程度的幸福。

在重温我们国家伟大的同时，我们必须明白，伟大不是凭空而来的，而是赢得的。在我们的历程中，从来没有走捷径或是退而求其次。这一历程不是为懦弱者准备的，不是为那些享乐高于工作、只知追求名利的人准备的。相反，是那些甘于承担风险的人，实干家，创造者－－有些众人皆知，而更多的在辛勤工作中默默无闻－－是他们带着我们穿越漫长、崎岖的道路走向繁荣与自由。

为了我们，他们把仅有的财物装进行囊，漂洋过海追求新的生活。

为了我们，他们开拓西部，在条件恶劣的工厂中流血流汗；他们忍受鞭笞，开垦贫瘠的土地。

为了我们，他们战斗和牺牲在协和镇（Concord）、葛底斯堡（Gettysburg）、诺曼底和科萨恩(KheSahn)。

一次又一次，这些男男女女，他们奋斗和牺牲；他们将双手磨破为了给我们带来更好的生活。在他们眼中，美国超越了我们每个人雄心的总和，超越了个人、财富和派系的差别。

今天，我们仍在这样的历程上。我们仍旧是地球上最繁荣、最强大的国家。美国工人们的效率并不比危机开始之前低。我们的头脑具有同样的创造力。我们的产品与服务和上周、上月、或者去年一样有需求。我们的能力从未被削弱。但墨守陈规、维护狭隘的利益、面对艰难的决策畏首畏尾的日子将一去不复返了。从今天开始，我们必须重新找回我们自己，掸去身上的尘土，开始重塑美国的重任。

环顾四周，有无数工作等着我们。经济状况期待着我们大胆和快速的行动。我们会付诸行动－－不仅仅是创造就业机会，同时还要为未来的增长打下新的基础。我们将建设公路、桥梁和电网，以及将我们紧密联系起来、提供商业信息的数字高速公路。我们会重新树立科学应有的地位，并利用技术手段提高医疗保障的质量，同时降低其费用。我们将利用太阳、风与土壤，来驱动我们的汽车和工厂。我们将改革我们的学校和大学，以满足新时代的需要。这些都有可能实现，更会去实现。

现在，有人还在怀疑我们的信心──他们认为我们的国家无法承担这样的重大计划。他们太健忘了，他们忘记了这个国家曾经取得的成就，他们忘记了当拥有了理想、共同的目标和必要的勇气，这些自由的人民曾经取得的辉煌成就。

这些愤世嫉俗的人无法理解这个国家所发生的转变──那些陈腐的政治已经缠绕了我们太久太长。我们现在面临的问题不是政府太大还是太小，而是政府所扮演的角色──应该帮助家庭获得体面的收入，购买他们的所需，有尊严地退休。当这些答案都是肯定的时，我们才能继续前进。如果答案是否定的，一切都将不复存在。我们这些管理公共财产的人应该负起责任──把钱花在刀刃上、改掉恶习、光明正大地行事──因为只有这样我们才能重塑人民和政府之间的信任。

市场力量的好坏不是我们的问题。市场在创造财富和推进自由进程方面是无可代替的，但是这场危机也提醒了我们没有审慎的监管，市场的力量将如野马一样脱缰──一个仅有财富的国家不可能持续繁荣。我们在经济上所取得的成功不仅体现在我们的经济总量上，也体现在我们的繁荣程度上，体现在我们为每个渴望成功的心灵所提供的机会上─这并非出自恻隐之心，而是我们实现共同利益的必经之路。

我们拒绝在安全和理想之间妥协。我们的建国先辈们，面对我们无法想象的凶险，却依然用几代人的鲜血维护了神圣的法律和人权。那些理想依然在照亮着这个世界，我们不会因一时的困难而放弃这些理想。我要对那些正在看着我们的国家和人民说，无论你身处繁华的都市还是像养育了我父亲那样的小村庄：对于那些追求和平与尊严的男人、女人和孩子，美国将永远是你们的朋友，我们将继续和你们一起前进。

我们是这种传统的捍卫者。我们继续追寻这些信念的指引，我们将直面这些挑战并更加努力─更多的沟通与合作。我们会负责地将伊拉克还给当地的人民，并在阿富汗保卫来之不易的和平。我们将与老朋友和原来的敌人一道，共同消除核威胁，解决全球变暖的根源。我们不会为自己的做法道歉，更不会动摇捍卫和平的决心，对于那些崇尚恐怖、滥杀无辜的人，我们的精神是强大而不可战胜的。你拖不垮我们，我们将会打败你。

我们多种族混居是一种优势。我们是一个由基督徒、穆斯林、犹太教徒、印度教徒和无神论者共同组成的国家。我们吸收了各种文化的精髓，从世界的每个角落学习。因为我们经历过内战和种族隔离的痛苦洗礼，并在黑暗中更加坚强和团结，我们无法保证，但是我们相信憎恨终将消弭，分隔终将散去。随着世界越来越紧密地联系在一起，我们共同的人性将显露出来，美国必须承担引领新时代和平的重任。

对于穆斯林世界，我们将基于共同的利益和信仰，寻找更好的合作之路。对于那些在世界各个地方挑起冲突或一味批评西方不良影响的领导者：你的人民评判你的依据是你建立了什么，而不是破坏了什么。对于那些依靠腐败和欺骗并压制异议而追求权利的人们：你们站在了人类历史的对立面。如果你们能张开紧握的拳头，我们也将伸出友谊之手。

对于那些贫穷的人们，我们保证和你们一起建设繁茂的农场和干净的水源，滋养那些饥寒交迫的身体和心灵。对于那些与我们一样相对富裕的国家，我们不能再对外界的苦难漠不关心，更不能继续大肆索取世界的资源。世界必须改变，我们都必须改变。

当我们审视前方的道路时，我们会感激那些跨越千山万水来到这里的人们。今天，他们有话对我们说，也是安息在阿林顿国家公墓里的先烈们时刻提醒我们的。我们尊敬他们不仅因为是他们捍卫了我们的自由，更因为他们正是奉献精神的化身；他们致力于寻找远高于自身的生命真谛。而此时，在这个特殊的时代，我们更需让这种精神长存。

因为归根结底，政府所能做的，也是必须做到的，是体现每个美国人的信念和决心，这也是这个国家赖以生存的精神力量。这种力量是洪灾泛滥时，陌生人之间的温暖善举；是经济困难时期，人们自损利益保全朋友工作的无私忘我。这是消防员们毅然冲入浓烟火海的勇气，也是父母培养孩子的无私之心，这些都决定了我们的命运。

或许，我们今日遇到挑战前所未有，所有的情况完全陌生。但是，我们赖以走向成功的价值观从未改变——诚实、勤勉、勇敢、公正、宽容、好学、忠贞和爱国。我们的历史亦由这些真理推进，亘古不变。如今，我们面对的是一个全新的责任时代——人人都需重视，对我们自己，我们的国家乃至整个世界，都有一份责任。我们会欣然接受这份责任，人生也正因此而充实。

这是公民的价值和承诺。

这是我们信心的源泉——上帝赐予我们知识以应对无常的命运。

这是我们所崇尚的自由与信念的真谛——这就是为什么今天，不同肤色，不同信仰的男女老少在此汇聚一堂；这就是为什么六十年前，一位父亲走入餐厅甚至无人理睬，而今天他的儿子可以站在这里，在你们面前许下最庄严的誓言。

所以让我们记住这一天，记住自己，记住为此的付出。在我们的国家诞生之初，先辈们在最寒冷的日子里，围聚在结冰的河边靠微弱的篝火取暖。离乡背井，后有敌军，鲜血染红了白雪。就在革命的道路如此模糊，意志也开始踌躇之时，我们的国父有这样几句话：

“告诉未来的世界……当一切陷入寒冬，万物俱灭，只有希望和勇气可以长存……这座城市和这个国家，在共同的危机下团结起来，共同面对前方的艰难。”

美国，面对我们共同的危机，在这艰难的寒冬，让我们牢记那些永恒的字句。怀着希望和美德，让我们再一次勇敢地面对冰冷的现实，迎接任何可能的风浪。让我们的子孙传唱，当我们面对挑战时，我们没有怯懦、没有退缩，更没有踟蹰不前。我们在上帝的关爱下眺望远方，我们在自由的道路上继续前进，我们的精神将永远闪耀着光芒。

          我相信你和我一样一定去过大型超市吧？

          我相信你和我一样一定看见超市里有很多年轻漂亮的女孩在那里工作吧？

          在我的一个小妹来深圳作收银员之前，我对那些年轻漂亮，工作在那么繁荣的地方的人从来都是抱着羡慕之心： 你想，工作在钱堆里的人，收入会少么？工作看上去又是如此轻松。但是当我深入了解她们的工作状况之后，我对这个职业，这整个行业只有一种感觉：恶心！

          收银员的工资是每月750块；

          如果说收到假币，对不起，算你的，也就是说你得自己掏腰包把买下这个面值的假币；

          如果收错了钱，比如说收少了或者收多了，也要你负责：收少了你要倒贴，收多了要罚你的款；

          押金，由于收银员工作的特殊性，她们要交一定的押金。就拿我的小妹工作的这个地方来说，你要交500块的押金，如果工作不足3个月，对不起，押金恕不奉还！

           服装： 你一定像我一定见到超市里那些穿着套装的美丽女孩，会忍不住多看一眼。可是你是否会想到：她们的职业服装居然还要自己掏钱去购买？ 是的，我的小妹就是这样。她那套质感很差，料子是尼龙化纤的工作服，居然要花150块去购买！-----天啦，我一直以为作为工作装备的工作服应该是毫无理由的由资方提供才对呀？如果你是一名公交司机，难不成还要你自己掏钱去买辆公交车不成？ 但这是真的。

           工作制度：一个月30天，天天都上班。周末，影都没有。现在快过年了，我问她有没有假日。没有。

           工作时间：不固定，总时间是每天8个钟头，可是这8个钟头由资方灵活安排，根据客流量，他可能要求你上午来上4个小时，晚上再去上4个小时。看看你的日子还怎么过。

           作为一个收银员，如果你认为你只要忍受上面的东西，那还不够。

           我的小妹告诉我：她们每一个收银员每个月都会“丢失”一些款子，不管你多么细心的收钱，一定会丢！那么这些钱是如何丢的呢？上午收银员收完款子之后要交给会计，会计会检查这些款子，收银箱只有一把锁，每把锁有两把钥匙，自己一把，会计一把，下午收银的时候再从会计那里去取自己的收银箱。于是她们每人每天都会丢5块或10块。当她们向领导质问的时候，领导说：丢钱这是你自己的责任。最后当然是要你自己掏腰包填补了。在企业，什么人可以做会计？大家心里都会有个底。

          于是很多人经常一天天或一周一周的白干！我小妹跟我讲，她的一个同事，本月的工资是1块钱！

           如果你对这些不满，你可以自由走人呀！

          我的小妹就在深圳龙岗乐兴百货上班------乐兴百货在这里是规模很大的连锁百货，因此本文没有任何造假的地方，我也不惮对他们进行点名打击。中国这样的垃圾企业，实在令我发指。

         鲁迅总结中国几千年的社会，得处的结论是：人吃人。

         新中国建立60年，我们重新审视这个社会，在这个社会的每一个角落，我们总是能得出一个结论：人吃人。

                  

         另外，对那些还在找工作的人的一点建议：永远不要去那种门口一直挂着招聘广告，天天都在招人的地方去打工。虽然到处是人吃人，可是这样的地方，吃起人来不吐骨头！

       

 

读美文如品美酒！

这是某位高人用文言文翻译的奥巴马演说，着实精妙！值得细品！

（乃转载文章，作者： todaysunshine 非我所作）

Hello，Chicago! 芝城父老，别来无恙，

 If there is anyone out there who still doubts that America is a place where all things are possible, who still wonders if the dream of our founders is alive in our time, who still questions the power of our democracy, tonight is your answer.

余尝闻世人有疑，不知当今美利坚凡事皆可成就耶？开国先贤之志方岿然于世耶？民主之伟力不减于昔年 耶？凡存诸疑者，今夕当可释然。

 It’s the answer told by lines that stretched around schools and churches in numbers this nation has never seen, by people who waited three hours and four hours, many for the first time in their lives, because they believed that this time must be different, that their voices could be that difference.

今夕之释然，皆蒙美利坚民众之协力——学塾祠庙之外，市井乡野之间，万千父老心焦似焚，苦待竟日， 愿献一票之力。其中，平生未尝涉国事者，数亦不少，而今有此义举，皆因一念不衰——今夫天下，非同 既往，愿发吁天之声，必成动地之势。

 It’s the answer spoken by young and old, rich and poor, Democrat and Republican, black, white, Hispanic, Asian, Native American, gay, straight, disabled and not disabled. Americans who sent a message to the world that we have never been just a collection of individuals or a collection of red states and blue states. We are, and always will be, the United States of America.

今夕之释然，皆仰吾国同胞之齐心——何谈贫富老幼之差、party社宗族之异，惶论发肤肌体之别、志趣 爱恶之分。吾国既以“合众”为名，吾辈则更无疏离之意，红蓝二party并肩而立，数十邦州挽手相合， 无分你我，共称一家，昂然于世，齐声一呼，天下乃有此释然。

It’s the answer that led those who’ve been told for so long by so many to be cynical and fearful and doubtful about what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day.

今夕之释然，皆因愤懑者之镇静，忧惧者之勇气，犹疑者之笃定——平素世间种种，消磨其志向，溃灭其 梦想，而值此风云之际，除旧更新，当仁不让，倾力而动乾坤者，更何人哉！

It’s been a long time coming, but tonight, because of what we did on this date in this election at this defining moment change has come to America.

俟之诚久，其志弥坚。幸天地明察，乃有今日，乃有此刻，乃有此一选举，乃有我亿万美利坚大好国民— —吾邦之大变革，方得自兹而始也！

A little bit earlier this evening, I received an extraordinarily gracious call from Sen. McCain. Sen. McCain fought long and hard in this campaign. And he’s fought even longer and harder for the country that he loves. He has endured sacrifices for America that most of us cannot begin to imagine. We are better off for the service rendered by this brave and selfless leader. I congratulate him; I congratulate Gov. Palin for all that they’ve achieved. And I look forward to working with them to renew this nation’s promise in the months ahead.

顷接参议员麦君凯恩电，虽未得晤，幸有一谈，其言谆谆，其意诚诚，鄙人感佩之至。选战期内，麦君劳 碌几重，奔波几许，皆为国家计。诸般求索，时日良多，皆非余所能及。于国于民之惊人牺牲，亦非庸庸 如吾辈者所可想见。以麦君之胆魄襟怀，能为吾邦所用，实国家之幸，万民之幸也。前途漫漫，其事未竟 ，余所盼瞩由衷者，唯共麦凯恩君、佩林君，及诸贤士比肩，会吾等之绵力，成吾邦之大业。

I want to thank my partner in this journey, a man who campaigned from his heart, and spoke for the men and women he grew up with on the streets of Scranton and rode with on the train home to Delaware, the vice president-elect of the United States, Joe Biden.

 乔君拜登，亦吾所感铭至深者也。竞选之业，艰险不足与外人道，幸有乔君之辅佐，其诚天可鉴之。乔君 其人，素言恳辞切，意笃情真，盖尝经斯兰克顿街乡邻之提命，饱聆特拉华州父老之晤教也。他日余既登 总统之位，乔君必当副之。

And I would not be standing here tonight without the unyielding support of my best friend for the last 16 years the rock of our family, the love of my life, the nation’s next first lady Michelle Obama. 拙荆米氏，追随鄙人凡一十六年，既为爱侣，更为挚友，既为吾阖家之基石，又乃余终生之至爱。鄙人尝 自忖度，倘无贤妻若此，今朝阔论高谈于此处者，不知何人矣！

 Sasha and Malia I love you both more than you can imagine. And you have earned the new puppy that’s coming with us to the new White House.

小女萨沙、玛丽，余素深喜之。昔日为父尝与汝等言，此番选战若得一胜，愿购小犬一头相赠，待阖家乔 迁总统府邸之日，偕汝等同进吾宅。今当胜负已出，既有一诺在前，必自践行不欺也。

 And while she’s no longer with us, I know my grandmother’s watching, along with the family that made me who I am. I miss them tonight. I know that my debt to them is beyond measure.

祖母大人虽已仙逝，料必有灵在天，俯察人寰，想应颔首开颜矣。吾奥巴马氏列祖列宗，亦当如是。今日 今时，此情此景，鄙人追思之心，乌鸟之情，曷其有极！唯生死陌路，仙凡有别，虽怀反哺之心，而无答 报之门也！

 To my sister Maya, my sister Alma, all my other brothers and sisters, thank you so much for all the support that you’ve given me. I am grateful to them.

至若玛雅、艾玛二姐妹，以及吾家诸同胞，所惠我者，亦属良多，久沐恩德，此当拜谢。

And to my campaign manager, David Plouffe, the unsung hero of this campaign, who built the best — the best political campaign, I think, in the history of the United States of America.To my chief strategist David Axelrod who’s been a partner with me every step of the way.To the best campaign team ever assembled in the history of politics you made this happen, and I am forever grateful for what you’ve sacrificed to get it done.

大卫Ｒ26;普劳夫君，大卫Ｒ26;阿克塞罗德君，一为鄙人竞选事务之经理，一为鄙人国事韬略之智囊。余 尝自喟叹，左右谋士，余所仰赖者，皆亘古未见之贤才。普阿二君，则更此中之翘楚。区区不才，有何德 能，可得膀臂若此？当此功成之际，感荷之心，亦自拳拳。

 But above all, I will never forget who this victory truly belongs to. It belongs to you. It belongs to you.

至于鄙人铭之肺腑，须臾不敢忘怀者，则诸位也。盖今日鄙人之胜绩，实诸位之胜绩，鄙人之荣光，实诸 位之荣光！

I was never the likeliest candidate for this office. We didn’t start with much money or many endorsements. Our campaign was not hatched in the halls of Washington. It began in the backyards of Des Moines and the living rooms of Concord and the front porches of Charleston. It was built by working men and women who dug into what little savings they had to give $5 and $10 and $20 to the cause.

余素朴陋，虽有参选之心，并无必胜之志。谋事之初，银资乏匮，从者寥寥；起事之地，皆蔽寓荒斋，不 在高阁；成事之基，无非寻常百姓，涓滴之献。

  It grew strength from the young people who rejected the myth of their generation’s apathy who left their homes and their families for jobs that offered little pay and less sleep. It drew strength from the not-so-young people who braved the bitter cold and scorching heat to knock on doors of perfect strangers, and from the millions of Americans who volunteered and organized and proved that more than two centuries later a government of the people, by the people, and for the people has not perished from the Earth.

今日之胜，有赖一众热血青年，抛其家，别其室，不辞其苦，不计其酬，矻矻于此——“国中青年爱国之 心已泯”之谬论，今可休矣！今日之胜，有赖壮志未已之诸前辈，无惧寒暑，行走奔波，劝说民众。今日 之胜，乃数百万美利坚民众之胜，察其意，皆属踊跃为国，观其行，处处谨严有序，足堪告慰二百年前开 国之先贤——民有、民治、民享之政体，未尝动摇也！ This is your victory. 嗟夫！此实诸位之功也！

And I know you didn’t do this just to win an election. And I know you didn’t do it for me.You did it because you understand the enormity of the task that lies ahead. For even as we celebrate tonight, we know the challenges that tomorrow will bring are the greatest of our lifetime — two wars, a planet in peril, the worst financial crisis in a century.

 余知诸君之意非在此一选举，亦非在鄙人一身。盖瞻前路之艰辛，益知此任非同小可也。虽今夕欢贺于此 ，而明朝酒醒，大患仍自当前，不容有怠——两地烽烟熊熊而起，四海之内纷纷而乱，金融业界惶惶而不 得宁。

Even as we stand here tonight, we know there are brave Americans waking up in the deserts of Iraq and the mountains of Afghanistan to risk their lives for us.There are mothers and fathers who will lie awake after the children fall asleep and wonder how they’ll make the mortgage or pay their doctors’ bills or save enough for their child’s college education. There’s new energy to harness, new jobs to be created, new schools to build, and threats to meet, alliances to repair.

是夜，饮宴笙歌之声不绝于耳，而异邦大漠群山中，吾国大好青年，兀自苦戍边塞，惝恍竟夜，性命尚未 得安。吾国千万庶民，为人父母者，兀自惴惴难眠，所忧者，乃房宅所贷、病患之费、抚育之资也。至若 吾国能源之耗，百业之兴，庠序之教，攻伐之术，怀远之道，亦皆吾等忡忡挂怀者也。

The road ahead will be long. Our climb will be steep. We may not get there in one year or even in one term. But, America, I have never been more hopeful than I am tonight that we will get there. I promise you, we as a people will get there.

渺渺乎其远，如不可达，危危乎其高，若不可攀。朝夕岁月，焉得成就？余不揣愚钝，愿以四载韶华，付 诸此业，胜算何如虽不可知，然昂扬必胜之奇志，成就伟业之壮怀，平生未之有也。君子一诺，其重何如 ，此地今夕，愿斗胆发一狂言——吾辈既在，其事必成！

 There will be setbacks and false starts. There are many who won’t agree with every decision or policy I make as president. And we know the government can’t solve every problem. But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face. I will listen to you, especially when we disagree. And, above all, I will ask you to join in the work of remaking this nation, the only way it’s been done in America for 221 years — block by block, brick by brick, calloused hand by calloused hand. 作者： todaysunshine 2008-11-21 00:57 　

 逶迤坎坷，份内之事。异见争端，料必有之。国中之go-vern-ment，谅非无所不能者。余所秉承不移者， 唯忠信矣。倘有危难于前，必无欺瞒于世。诸君言论臧否，纵悖逆相左之议，余必当洗耳以聆。于此之外 ，更当恳请诸君，不吝心血，致力报效，以振吾美利坚重兴之业。余亦别无他想，唯盼吾侪协力，延继吾 国既肇二百二十一年之大统，汇涓滴之力，而成万世之业。

 What began 21 months ago in the depths of winter cannot end on this autumn night. This victory alone is not the change we seek. It is only the chance for us to make that change. And that cannot happen if we go back to the way things were. It can’t happen without you, without a new spirit of service, a new spirit of sacrifice.

昔年冬日，余有志于斯，投身此业，屈指算来，倏然近二载矣。当此秋夜，追思反省，仍无溃退逃亡之意 。选战之胜，无非一役之功，余梦寐所思矢志所求者，非在乎此。溯源究本，此役之胜，不过革世变时一 大好良机耳。倘止步于斯，垂手而待，或无诸君倾力相援，则壮志丰功，无非泡影，诸般梦想，终必虚妄 。

 So let us summon a new spirit of patriotism, of responsibility, where each of us resolves to pitch in and work harder and look after not only ourselves but each other. Let us remember that, if this financial crisis taught us anything, it’s that we cannot have a thriving Wall Street while Main Street suffers. In this country, we rise or fall as one nation, as one people.

 爱国之心，报国之念，吾人固有之，然逢今日之世，此心此念亦当一变——吾辈各执己业，益当各竭其力 ，各尽其命，非但为一己之利，而更期普世之荣。今岁，金融业界动荡多舛，细审观之，当可以之为鉴— —实业之损，亦是金融之伤。可知，既在邦域之内，吾辈荣辱休戚，皆相与共矣！

 Let’s resist the temptation to fall back on the same partisanship and pettiness and immaturity that has poisoned our politics for so long. Let’s remember that it was a man from this state who first carried the banner of the Republican Party to the White House, a party founded on the values of self-reliance and individual liberty and national unity.Those are values that we all share. party

争纷纭，阴谋卑鄙，愚鲁无知，皆腐蚀清白、惑乱政局之弊也，其缘由已久，余今愿与诸君协力， 共灭除之。昔年曾有此郡先贤，执共和party之帜，而掌总统府之权。自强独立，自由统一等信念，皆斯 人之所倡，亦吾辈之所宗。 And while the Democratic Party has won a great victory tonight, we do so with a measure of humility and determination to heal the divides that have held back our progress. As Lincoln said to a nation far more divided than ours, we are not enemies but friends. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection.

今岁选战，吾民主party人幸有一胜，然谦逊和合之心未尝少减。余素信服者，乃山河破碎之际，林肯总 统之言——“既是至亲，终不为敌。虽弩张剑拔，而血脉未尝断，情义不少减。”

And to those Americans whose support I have yet to earn, I may not have won your vote tonight, but I hear your voices. I need your help. And I will be your president, too.

 固然，仍有四方志士，不为鄙人所动，另有高明之选。虽终悭此一票之缘，然诸君高论，余亦声声在耳， 字字在心。倘能得诸君之援手，鄙人幸甚。他日待余总而统之，亦必不另眼以待也。

And to all those watching tonight from beyond our shores, from parliaments and palaces, to those who are huddled around radios in the forgotten corners of the world, our stories are singular, but our destiny is shared, and a new dawn of American leadership is at hand. 作者： todaysunshine 2008-11-21 00:57 　 

 吾邦民众，散居天下，各安其命，而其志一也。吾邦鼎盛之势，今已乍现锋芒。

To those — to those who would tear the world down: We will defeat you. To those who seek peace and security: We support you. And to all those who have wondered if America’s beacon still burns as bright: Tonight we proved once more that the true strength of our nation comes not from the might of our arms or the scale of our wealth, but from the enduring power of our ideals: democracy, liberty, opportunity and unyielding hope.

至于心怀叵测，与世人为仇、与天下为敌者，吾邦猛志常在，彼等必取灭亡。心思纯良，久慕大同者，吾 辈当倾力以助，鼎力相援。犹疑未定，不知吾自由之邦兴衰如何者，吾辈愿以今日盛况以告之——美利坚 之所以谓之“美”者，非刀兵之强，金银之众，实民主、自由、机遇、梦想之美也！

 That’s the true genius of America: that America can change. Our union can be perfected. What we’ve already achieved gives us hope for what we can and must achieve tomorrow.

天自有道，地自有德，恩赋吾邦无上异禀——无他，唯变而已矣。美利坚变革不怠，合众国日趋尽善。当 以过往先贤之伟绩，助吾侪今日之雄心，开子孙万世之辉光。

 This election had many firsts and many stories that will be told for generations. But one that’s on my mind tonight’s about a woman who cast her ballot in Atlanta. She’s a lot like the millions of others who stood in line to make their voice heard in this election except for one thing: Ann Nixon Cooper is 106 years old.

今岁选战，多开亘古之先，屡传千秋佳话。感我至深者，亚特兰大之老妪安Ｒ26;尼克松Ｒ26;库帕也—— 库氏之一票，于数百万美利坚民众之选票无异，其所以引人称奇者，其人今岁高龄一百有六矣。

 She was born just a generation past slavery; a time when there were no cars on the road or planes in the sky; when someone like her couldn’t vote for two reasons — because she was a woman and because of the color of her skin.

当其父辈之时，天道不彰，黑人为奴。库氏其生也不逢时，汽车尚不行于道，飞机未曾起于空，库氏既属 黑人，又系女流，票选一事，概无瓜葛。

And tonight, I think about all that she’s seen throughout her century in America — the heartache and the hope; the struggle and the progress; the times we were told that we can’ t, and the people who pressed on with that American creed: Yes we can.

今日今时，回溯库氏百岁之涯，但见吾邦先贤屡败屡战，且退且进，悲欣交集，甘苦杂陈。幸而正道存焉 ，壮志存焉，曰：吾辈既在，无所不能。

At a time when women’s voices were silenced and their hopes dismissed, she lived to see them stand up and speak out and reach for the ballot. Yes we can.

万马齐喑，其事堪哀，吾邦女界怒而起，愤而争，苦战不歇，历数十载。幸哉库氏，以百岁之高龄，终得 亲见女流自立于世，重获天赋之权——吾辈既在，无所不能！

 When there was despair in the dust bowl and depression across the land, she saw a nation conquer fear itself with a New Deal, new jobs, a new sense of common purpose. Yes we can.

当百业萧条，国人绝望哀鸣之际，库氏亲见吾美利坚出旷世之新政，挽狂澜于既倒，扶大厦之将倾，退畏 惧之势，扶奋勇之心，终至人各有位，民心乃安——吾辈既在，无所不能！

When the bombs fell on our harbor and tyranny threatened the world, she was there to witness a generation rise to greatness and a democracy was saved. Yes we can

 当吾国良港遭袭，天下桀纣当道，暴政肆虐之时，库氏亲见豪杰群起，民主不衰——吾辈既在，无所不能 ！

She was there for the buses in Montgomery, the hoses in Birmingham, a bridge in Selma, and a preacher from Atlanta who told a people that “We Shall Overcome.” Yes we can.

蒙哥马利公车之罢辍，伯明翰城黑人之群起，塞尔玛城血雨腥风之事，库氏般般亲历。更曾亲聆亚特兰大 传教之士振臂登高之呼——“吾等必胜！”诚哉斯言！吾辈既在，无所不能！

 A man touched down on the moon, a wall came down in Berlin, a world was connected by our own science and imagination. And this year, in this election, she touched her finger to a screen, and cast her vote, because after 106 years in America, through the best of times and the darkest of hours, she knows how America can change. Yes we can.

俟科学昌明于世，创想通贯一时，既登广寒之阙，又溃柏林之墙。洋洋乎！有百年如是，乃见今岁选战中 ，库氏之一票。浩浩兮！一百零六载交锋更迭，方有美利坚今日之变革——吾辈既在，无所不能！

America, we have come so far. We have seen so much. But there is so much more to do. So tonight, let us ask ourselves — if our children should live to see the next century; if my daughters should be so lucky to live as long as Ann Nixon Cooper, what change will they see? What progress will we have made?

转眼兴亡过手，而今迈步从头。追昔抚今，不禁扪心而问——俟再历百年岁月，倘吾等后辈儿孙，亦有得 享高寿如库氏者，复可见何等之变数？吾辈今日之功，他年可得而见之乎？

 This is our chance to answer that call. This is our moment. This is our time, to put our people back to work and open doors of opportunity for our kids; to restore prosperity and promote the cause of peace; to reclaim the American dream and reaffirm that fundamental truth, that, out of many, we are one; that while we breathe, we hope. And where we are met with cynicism and doubts and those who tell us that we can’t, we will respond with that timeless creed that sums up the spirit of a people: Yes, we can.

所谓天命时运，莫过于此——当为吾邦万民造安身立命之业，为吾辈儿孙启各显雄才之门，为寰宇各国创 太平静好之世，为吾等壮志赋千秋不灭之元神。吾邦立国之本，必将光耀于天下。万千同胞，当如一人， 一息尚存，梦想不灭。纵有世人旁观在侧，而疑窦生焉，吾辈亦当以千秋不易之训共答之曰——吾辈既在 ，无所不能！

 Thank you. God bless you. And may God bless the United States of America.

拜谢诸君。愿天佑吾民，天佑吾邦。

     08年开始的金融危机，开始逐步放大我国社会现存的各种问题。

      为挽救局势，政府出台了扩大内需的10大政策，各地方政府也纷纷推出各种招式。比如说买房爱国论就比较典型，一些地方政府希望通过繁荣房地产市场来拉动经济。

       早有各个媒体各路专家对这些措施做了各种各样的评论，此处不再拾人牙慧。我们可以通过分析个体的消费模式，进而扩大到宏观层面。

      1 问：

        假如你住在一个租住的房子里，你会在这个房间里买很多的电器，如洗衣机，电视机，空调，冰箱，热水器吗？尽管这些东西确实是生活必需品。 你甚至会费力的去装修这个房间吗？

        100个人中有1个人能够那样做就算不错了，尤其当那些东西不能在有一天不能带会“家”的时候，人们就更不会去买任何不可能被带走的东西了。

        在年末，我们看到这样的新闻：几位四川出来打工的农民工，由于舍不地花钱买车票，更主要的，由于舍不得丢弃或者贱卖辛辛苦苦集攒几年的生活物品，开着三轮摩托车千里迢迢往家赶。这虽然是个新闻，却更多的是中国人心态的体现。

       2 问：

      如果你没有一个城市的户口，如果你的子女不能在这个城市里正常的上学，你会在这个城市里买房子吗？

       100个人有1个人能够那样做就算不错了。家电还可以托运，房子就是生根长在那，永远不可能搬回“家”去了。

       中国人对“家”的眷念和情感是永远都说不完的。去看一看春运，看看人们为什么要挤破脑袋去坐火车？因为他要回家。

        那么什么是“家”？

      “家”首先是需要有一所房子作依托。没有房子，就一无所有，这是硬件。

       “家”还需要一种身份认同，那就是户口制度。这是软件。

        缺少这个硬件和软件，都不足以构成家的概念。

       千万不要小看这两点，如果这两个问题解决了，它们带来的效益会比4万亿，乃至40万亿的投资都要大。

        以深圳为例：

         这座人口逾千万的城市，居然有近80%的人没有本地户口。试想一下：如果解决了这80%的户口问题，深圳市的房地产市场难道还能成为一个问题？如果这80%中的一小部分在深圳买了房，深圳市的消费还能是个问题？

       把视野放大到全国：

       在几亿外出务工的人流中，如果有1%甚至10%的人愿意，并且能够真正把家安的城市，那么所谓的房地产市场，所谓的留守儿童，所谓的春运，还能够成为一个问题？------至少肯定不会如现在这般严重。

       而要促使人们把家安排在城市，首先要从户口上开刀。

       人们要在城市安家的意愿是显而易见的，现在缺少的就是正确的户口政策。

       户口政策可以说是中国改革开放30年来最大的两个问题之一。（土地问题是另外一个重大问题，土地政策和户口政策是两个相互呼应的东西）。

        户口政策和土地政策应该成为中国执政者和决策者最关注的问题。

        我们不能在这两个最为重要的问题上一直含含糊糊，一直搞一些修修补补的动作，而要提出根本的解决措施。

        解决了这两个问题，就能够为中国下一步的发展奠定至少50年的基础。

       

 

      

 

    有几点可以借鉴的:

    1 服务外包:

     几乎所有的大商场都有这样的服务:

     比如你去买冰箱或者热水器,他免费送货上门, 但是这个事情并不是由商场请人来作,否则成本太高了, 而是由专门的公司或者其他单位来承包,由那个单位专门给人送货,商场再给该单位发工资. 热水器等需要安装的产品也是由第三方承包.

    深圳的大商场还有专车接送顾客.

     但是由商场专门去买车和请司机成本太高. 这边的学校有接送学生的校车.于是他们和学校合作, 由于学生上下学的时间是固定的, 该车在学生上下学的时候去接送学生,其余时间去接送顾客,这样就使得资源利用最大化,成本最小化.

   深圳的许多商场和其他营业性的场合到了晚上就特别热闹,因为他们在门口摆上卡拉OK设备,任何人可以免费来跳舞或唱歌. 从现象上来看这丰富了市民的生活.实质上是商场提升人气的一种办法. 这种办法获得了市民和商场的双赢,我觉得是非常好的一种营销办法.

      这两天我看到一个商场有一种新的抽奖办法很有效果.

      因为以前所谓的抽奖大部分是假的,忽悠人,大家不卖帐,于是他们就这样做: 比如今天有100个人在该商场买了东西,他们规定今晚8点每人都可以凭购物票抽奖.到了晚上,顾客们在自己的小票上写上自己的名字,仍进箱子里,然后随便请街上某个人来抽奖,奖品就那几个,抽着谁就是谁的运气,而且一定会有人中奖. 这招很吸引人. 为什么呢?这个游戏规则很公平,大家就都喜欢来玩了.

      总的感觉:深圳人做生意的头脑比内地要灵活.

     

President Bush Makes Farewell Address to the Nation East Room Presidential Remarks Audio Photos In Focus: Education In Focus: Homeland Security In Focus: National Security In Focus: Iraq 8:01 P.M. EST THE PRESIDENT: Fellow citizens: For eight years, it has been my honor to serve as your President. The first decade of this new century has been a period of consequence -- a time set apart. Tonight, with a thankful heart, I have asked for a final opportunity to share some thoughts on the journey that we have traveled together, and the future of our nation. Five days from now, the world will witness the vitality of American democracy. In a tradition dating back to our founding, the presidency will pass to a successor chosen by you, the American people. Standing on the steps of the Capitol will be a man whose history reflects the enduring promise of our land. This is a moment of hope and pride for our whole nation. And I join all Americans in offering best wishes to President-Elect Obama, his wife Michelle, and their two beautiful girls. Tonight I am filled with gratitude -- to Vice President Cheney and members of my administration; to Laura, who brought joy to this house and love to my life; to our wonderful daughters, Barbara and Jenna; to my parents, whose examples have provided strength for a lifetime. And above all, I thank the American people for the trust you have given me. I thank you for the prayers that have lifted my spirits. And I thank you for the countless acts of courage, generosity, and grace that I have witnessed these past eight years. This evening, my thoughts return to the first night I addressed you from this house -- September the 11th, 2001. That morning, terrorists took nearly 3,000 lives in the worst attack on America since Pearl Harbor. I remember standing in the rubble of the World Trade Center three days later, surrounded by rescuers who had been working around the clock. I remember talking to brave souls who charged through smoke-filled corridors at the Pentagon, and to husbands and wives whose loved ones became heroes aboard Flight 93. I remember Arlene Howard, who gave me her fallen son's police shield as a reminder of all that was lost. And I still carry his badge. As the years passed, most Americans were able to return to life much as it had been before 9/11. But I never did. Every morning, I received a briefing on the threats to our nation. I vowed to do everything in my power to keep us safe. Over the past seven years, a new Department of Homeland Security has been created. The military, the intelligence community, and the FBI have been transformed. Our nation is equipped with new tools to monitor the terrorists' movements, freeze their finances, and break up their plots. And with strong allies at our side, we have taken the fight to the terrorists and those who support them. Afghanistan has gone from a nation where the Taliban harbored al Qaeda and stoned women in the streets to a young democracy that is fighting terror and encouraging girls to go to school. Iraq has gone from a brutal dictatorship and a sworn enemy of America to an Arab democracy at the heart of the Middle East and a friend of the United States. There is legitimate debate about many of these decisions. But there can be little debate about the results. America has gone more than seven years without another terrorist attack on our soil. This is a tribute to those who toil night and day to keep us safe -- law enforcement officers, intelligence analysts, homeland security and diplomatic personnel, and the men and women of the United States Armed Forces. Our nation is blessed to have citizens who volunteer to defend us in this time of danger. I have cherished meeting these selfless patriots and their families. And America owes you a debt of gratitude. And to all our men and women in uniform listening tonight: There has been no higher honor than serving as your Commander-in-Chief. The battles waged by our troops are part of a broader struggle between two dramatically different systems. Under one, a small band of fanatics demands total obedience to an oppressive ideology, condemns women to subservience, and marks unbelievers for murder. The other system is based on the conviction that freedom is the universal gift of Almighty God, and that liberty and justice light the path to peace. This is the belief that gave birth to our nation. And in the long run, advancing this belief is the only practical way to protect our citizens. When people live in freedom, they do not willingly choose leaders who pursue campaigns of terror. When people have hope in the future, they will not cede their lives to violence and extremism. So around the world, America is promoting human liberty, human rights, and human dignity. We're standing with dissidents and young democracies, providing AIDS medicine to dying patients -- to bring dying patients back to life, and sparing mothers and babies from malaria. And this great republic born alone in liberty is leading the world toward a new age when freedom belongs to all nations. For eight years, we've also strived to expand opportunity and hope here at home. Across our country, students are rising to meet higher standards in public schools. A new Medicare prescription drug benefit is bringing peace of mind to seniors and the disabled. Every taxpayer pays lower income taxes. The addicted and suffering are finding new hope through faith-based programs. Vulnerable human life is better protected. Funding for our veterans has nearly doubled. America's air and water and lands are measurably cleaner. And the federal bench includes wise new members like Justice Sam Alito and Chief Justice John Roberts. When challenges to our prosperity emerged, we rose to meet them. Facing the prospect of a financial collapse, we took decisive measures to safeguard our economy. These are very tough times for hardworking families, but the toll would be far worse if we had not acted. All Americans are in this together. And together, with determination and hard work, we will restore our economy to the path of growth. We will show the world once again the resilience of America's free enterprise system. Like all who have held this office before me, I have experienced setbacks. There are things I would do differently if given the chance. Yet I've always acted with the best interests of our country in mind. I have followed my conscience and done what I thought was right. You may not agree with some of the tough decisions I have made. But I hope you can agree that I was willing to make the tough decisions. The decades ahead will bring more hard choices for our country, and there are some guiding principles that should shape our course. While our nation is safer than it was seven years ago, the gravest threat to our people remains another terrorist attack. Our enemies are patient, and determined to strike again. America did nothing to seek or deserve this conflict. But we have been given solemn responsibilities, and we must meet them. We must resist complacency. We must keep our resolve. And we must never let down our guard. At the same time, we must continue to engage the world with confidence and clear purpose. In the face of threats from abroad, it can be tempting to seek comfort by turning inward. But we must reject isolationism and its companion, protectionism. Retreating behind our borders would only invite danger. In the 21st century, security and prosperity at home depend on the expansion of liberty abroad. If America does not lead the cause of freedom, that cause will not be led. As we address these challenges -- and others we cannot foresee tonight -- America must maintain our moral clarity. I've often spoken to you about good and evil, and this has made some uncomfortable. But good and evil are present in this world, and between the two of them there can be no compromise. Murdering the innocent to advance an ideology is wrong every time, everywhere. Freeing people from oppression and despair is eternally right. This nation must continue to speak out for justice and truth. We must always be willing to act in their defense -- and to advance the cause of peace. President Thomas Jefferson once wrote, "I like the dreams of the future better than the history of the past." As I leave the house he occupied two centuries ago, I share that optimism. America is a young country, full of vitality, constantly growing and renewing itself. And even in the toughest times, we lift our eyes to the broad horizon ahead. I have confidence in the promise of America because I know the character of our people. This is a nation that inspires immigrants to risk everything for the dream of freedom. This is a nation where citizens show calm in times of danger, and compassion in the face of suffering. We see examples of America's character all around us. And Laura and I have invited some of them to join us in the White House this evening. We see America's character in Dr. Tony Recasner, a principal who opened a new charter school from the ruins of Hurricane Katrina. We see it in Julio Medina, a former inmate who leads a faith-based program to help prisoners returning to society. We've seen it in Staff Sergeant Aubrey McDade, who charged into an ambush in Iraq and rescued three of his fellow Marines. We see America's character in Bill Krissoff -- a surgeon from California. His son, Nathan -- a Marine -- gave his life in Iraq. When I met Dr. Krissoff and his family, he delivered some surprising news: He told me he wanted to join the Navy Medical Corps in honor of his son. This good man was 60 years old -- 18 years above the age limit. But his petition for a waiver was granted, and for the past year he has trained in battlefield medicine. Lieutenant Commander Krissoff could not be here tonight, because he will soon deploy to Iraq, where he will help save America's wounded warriors -- and uphold the legacy of his fallen son. In citizens like these, we see the best of our country - resilient and hopeful, caring and strong. These virtues give me an unshakable faith in America. We have faced danger and trial, and there's more ahead. But with the courage of our people and confidence in our ideals, this great nation will never tire, never falter, and never fail. It has been the privilege of a lifetime to serve as your President. There have been good days and tough days. But every day I have been inspired by the greatness of our country, and uplifted by the goodness of our people. I have been blessed to represent this nation we love. And I will always be honored to carry a title that means more to me than any other - citizen of the United States of America. And so, my fellow Americans, for the final time: Good night. May God bless this house and our next President. And may God bless you and our wonderful country. Thank you. (Applause.) END 8:14 P.M. EST 布什告别演讲全文：我跟随良知的指引 各位同胞：在过去的八年间作为你们的总统，是我的荣幸。新世纪的第一个十年，是重要的十年——一个与众不同的十年。 今晚，怀着感恩之心，请允许我在这最后的机会分享一些想法，一些有关总统历程和国家未来的想法。 五天之后，世界将目击美国民主的一个重要时刻。按照建国伊始的传统，总统之职将传递给你们——美国人民选择的继任者。这位即将站在国会台阶上的人，他的故事正彰显了我们这块土地所延续的承诺。 对我们整个国家来说，这是一个充满希望与自豪的时刻。我与全体美国人民一道，对候任总统奥巴马、他的妻子米歇尔和他们那一双美丽的女儿，致以最美好的祝愿。 今晚，让我表达对副总统切尼和内阁成员的感激之情；我还要感谢劳拉（译者注：布什的夫人），是你为我们的家庭带来欢乐，为我的生活带来爱；还要感谢我们的女儿，芭芭拉和詹纳；以及我的父母――是他们的榜样为我提供了一生的力量。 而最重要的，我要感谢你们――美国人民，感谢你们给予我的信任。感谢你们的祈祷，它振奋着我的灵魂。感谢在过去八年间我所见证过的，无以计数的勇气、慷慨、和仁爱。 今晚，我的思绪回到2001年9月11日，我第一次在这里向全国发表讲话。 那个早上，恐怖分子在那次自珍珠港事件以来，美国所遭受过的最严重的袭击中夺去了近3000名美国人民的生命。我记得三天后，我站在世贸中心的废墟之中，身边是加班加点连续作战的救援人员。 我记得与那些穿越五角大楼浓烟的勇士们的对话，以及与93航班上殉难英雄们的妻子或丈夫们的交谈。 我记得艾琳•霍华德。她把她逝去的儿子的警徽送给我。那个警徽提示我们所有失去的记忆――我至今仍然随身携带他的徽章。 随着时间的逝去，大多数美国人能够恢复到9.11之前的正常生活中去。但我不能。每天早上，我都会收到一份对我国威胁状况的简报。我发誓尽我的一切力量保卫美国的安全。 在过去的八年间，一个新的部门——国土安全部成立了。军队、情报部门、FBI都发生了改观。 我们的国家掌握了新的手段来监视恐怖分子的活动、冻结他们的财务、打破他们的图谋。而有坚强的盟友与我们一道，我们对恐怖分子和他们的支持者宣战。 阿富汗，从一个塔利班袒护基地组织、妇女当街遭乱石致死的国家，转变为一个对抗恐怖主义、支持女孩子们走进校门的年轻民主国家。 伊拉克从一个残酷的独裁国家、美国的宿敌，转变为位于中东心脏的阿拉伯民主国家，和美国的朋友。对于这些决策进行辩论是完全合理的，但其结果是不可辩驳的。 在过去的七年间没有发生一起在美国土地上的恐怖袭击活动。这是那些夜以继日保障我们安全者的功劳——执法官员、情报分析员、国土安全与外交人士，和美国武装部队中服役的男女士兵。 这些在危难时志愿保卫我们国家的公民是美国之福。我记忆中珍藏着与这些无私的爱国者，以及他们的家人的见面的情景。美国感谢你们。 对于今晚正在收听讲话的部队中的男女士兵，我要说：没有比作为你们的最高统帅更荣耀的事了。我们的战士所进行的战争，在广义上，是这样两个截然不同的体系间的斗争。在一个体系中，是一小撮狂热分子，追求对一种压迫性的意识形态的绝对服从；女性只能屈从附属；异教徒遭到谋杀。 而另一个系统是基于这样的信念：自由是全能的上帝赐予我们的普世礼物；自由与公证将点亮通往和平之路。我们的国家正是诞生于这样的信仰之中。而从长远来看，只有发扬这样的信仰，才能实实在在保护我们公民的安全。 当人们生活在自由中，他们不会去选择那些发动恐怖战争的领袖。当人们对未来充满希望时，他们不会令生活向暴力与极端主义俯首。因此在世界范围内，美国推崇人类自由、人权与尊严。 我们与持不同政见者和年轻的民主力量并肩作战；我们提供艾滋病药品挽救垂危的病人；我们挽救患疟疾的母亲与婴儿。我们这个与自由共同降生的伟大共和国，正引领世界走向一个自由属于所有国家的新时代。 在过去的八年间，我们还努力在美国本土扩展机会和希望。在美国各地，公立学校的学生们获得提升，达到更高的标准。 一个新的医疗福利计划让老年人和残障人士无后顾之忧。每位纳税人的所得税更低。瘾君子与其他处在痛苦中的人士从基于信仰的组织中找到新希望。 人类脆弱的生命获得了更好的保护。安置退伍老兵的资金几乎倍增。美国的空气、水与土地更清洁。睿智的新法官，如山姆•阿利托法官和约翰•罗伯茨首席法官加入联邦法院。 当影响美国繁荣的挑战出现时，我们直面之。当面对金融崩溃的前景时，我们采取果断措施，保卫我们的经济。 对于那些努力工作的家庭来说，这一时刻相当艰难。但如果我们不采取任何行动的话，情况会糟糕得多。对此，全美国凝聚在一起。信念、苦干和团结，将让我们把经济重新带回增长的轨道。 我们会再次向世界展示美国自由企业系统的韧性。如同所有我的前任一样，我也经历过挫折。如果还能有机会，有些事我会做出不同的选择。然而，我始终是以我们国家的利益为考虑标准。我跟随良知的指引，做我认为正确的选择。 你可能不同意我曾经做出的一些强硬的决定。但是我希望你能相信，那是出自我的真实意愿。未来的十年里，我们将面临更多的艰难抉择，我们应该有一些原则来决定我们的方针政策。 虽然我们的国家比七年前更加安全，但恐怖袭击依然是我们面临的最大威胁。我们的敌人极富耐心地等待下一次袭击。美国人本不应该承受这种灾难。但是我们有责任，也必须去面对这些威胁。我们要避免自满，我们要坚定决心，我们决不能放松警惕。 同时，我们还应该继续怀着自信和清晰的目标来参与世界各地的事务。面对来自外面的威胁，人们很容易畏缩不前。但是我们必须杜绝孤立主义和保护主义，闭门造车无异于玩火自焚。在21世纪里，一个国家的稳定和繁荣，取决于整个世界的自由进程。如果美国不能引导自由，那就没有人可以做到。 当我们谈论这些问题的时候——还有那些我们今晚无法预测的问题——美国人必须保持明确的道德性。我曾经无数次地跟你们讨论过善与恶。这个话题可能过于沉重，但世界上的确是善恶并存，并且没有妥协。 依靠残害无辜来推进意识形态在任何时候、任何地方都是错误的。将人们从压迫和绝望中解救出来才是正确的。这个国家必须继续宣扬真理和正义。我们要继续坚持推进和平。 托马斯·杰斐逊总统曾经写道：“我不缅怀过去的历史，而致力于未来的梦想。”当我要离开两个世纪前他住过的这座建筑的时候，我希望能够与你们分享这种乐观。美国是个年轻的国家，充满活力，不断成长，不断创新。即使在最艰难的时刻，我们仍昂首望着远方。 我对美国的承诺充满信心，因为我知道美国人的精神。 这是一个能够激励移民冒所有的风险来追求自由的国家。这是一个人民在危机中仍保持镇静，在痛苦中仍怀有同情的国家。我们周围都是这样的人。 今晚，劳拉和我邀请了一些人来白宫加入我们。我们在托尼·雷卡斯纳尔博士身上看到了美国精神，他在卡特里娜飓风的废墟中建立起一座崭新的学校。我们在胡里奥·梅迪纳身上看到了美国精神，他出狱后怀着信仰，领导了一个帮助犯人重返社会的帮助计划。 我们在奥布里·麦克戴德身上看到了美国精神，他在伊拉克勇闯敌阵救出了三个战友。我们在比尔·克里索夫身上看到了美国精神，这位来自加利福尼亚的外科医生，他的儿子牺牲在了伊拉克的战场。 当我见到克里索夫医生和他的家人时，他告诉我一个令人惊异的消息：为了纪念他的儿子，他希望加入海军医疗队。这位老人已经60岁了——比参军年龄上限大了整整18岁。 但是他的请求被允许了，过去几年里他一直在战地医院接受培训。克里索夫海军少校今天无法来到现场，因为他马上就要开赴伊拉克，在那里，他将帮助受伤的勇士们，并以此来纪念他的儿子。在这些美国人的身上，我们看到了我们国家的精髓——百折不挠而又充满希望，心存善良而又生性坚强。 这些美德使得我对美国的信心不可动摇。我们经历了危机与考验，而前方还会有诸多凶险。但是有了我们的勇气和信念，这个伟大的国家将不知疲倦……毫不犹豫……永不言败。我很荣幸有生之年能够成为总统，我体会过快乐，也经历过艰难。 但是每天我都为这个伟大的国家和善良的人民所振奋。我非常幸运地能够代表这个我们深爱的国家。我将永远为这个对我意味着更多的头衔而感到骄傲：美利坚合众国公民。 所以，美国人民，在这最后的时刻：晚安。愿上帝保佑下一任总统。愿上帝保佑我们和这个美丽的国家。

病症: 没有声音

检查音箱正常,系统提示:没有安装音频软件;

试图通过xp系统安装盘安装,无效;上网搜索万能声卡,无;

检查硬件, 无声卡,乃集成主板;查看主板型号:ausa p4bgl-mx

上网搜索对应驱动程序,下载,为bin文件格式,无法安装;

搜索bin文件安装方式,提示安装虚拟光驱;

搜索适当的虚拟光驱,屡试无效;另寻出路;

下载asus自动升级软件,不好使;另寻出路;

发现升级bios方法,可排除无声音等各种病症,恰是所需,

下载尝试适当的bios升级程序,有主板类型限制;

找到一款好用程序,直接替换p4bgl1008.bin文件, 无任何改良;

不得其解;

重新尝试用ASUS bios自动升级软件,连接成功,下载成功,自动下载为p4bgl1009.bin文件;恍然大悟;

ios文件存储成功,然而在替换ROM时卡壳, 自以为升级不成功,欲重启重新尝试;

重启,系统彻底崩溃!

哈哈  就一个没有声音的毛病,结果倒腾了个无底洞!

现在唯一的办法,就是重新刷bios, 而这不是我能做的事情了.

电脑诊断以失败告终.

小结: 1千万不要轻易动内核里面的东西.

        2 有的问题看起来很小,要解决起来整个过程非常麻烦.

 

     钾钠是常见元素，非常容易污染。因此所有涉及到的器皿都要认真清洗。

     上次我测定钾元素考核样。结果发现测定值居然比样品真值范围高了近一倍。我用的是密理博的超纯水配置的样品和标准样。怎么可能有问题？

     询问质保室，答复是钾元素的标准值没有搞错。

     第2次测定钠，这个时候我们的密理博超纯水换了根柱子。测定钠结果正常。

      钾和钠都是常见易污染元素，按道理讲，钠比钾更容易污染，一般的水里钠元素含量更高。因此推断是水的问题。也就是说密理博上次的那根柱子已经不行了。

     今天才真正领略到石墨炉干燥温度和灰化温度的重要性。

     测镉，在方法设定上，仪器自动给出了参考温度，分别是800度和1000度，我想这应该是普通石墨管的温度。更换了ELC石墨管，我只是在菜单上改变了石墨管的类型，由于SOLAAR M6 是高度自动化的机器，我以为系统会自动调整温度。结果测定标准曲线的时候，标准样的吸光值居然没有任何变化！

     难道是我的主标准样搞错了，装的是水？ 换了另一瓶，还是不行。检查元素灯，没有问题。水气电，没有问题。真是见了鬼了。上次测定的时候都很正常啊？

    难道是我这跟ELC石墨管烧坏了？不可能啊！这种类型的可以烧2000次啊。我才烧了93次。于是准备先换回普通石墨管试试。换管的过程中查看仪器的参考条件，发现石墨管在烧的过程中温度并没有自动调整到参考的数值。于是暂停换管，改变干燥温度和灰化温度为300度和600度。 再测试样品，OK! 没问题！

     所以，下次测定样品的时候一定要根据具体的石墨管，依照光谱仪内的参考数值进行调整。

     解决一个问题就等于上了一课。

      考试如今已是我们生活的一部分，一个重要组成部分。试问：有哪个人出生在这个世界上可以不参加考试？

      自从上了小学的门槛，便有七七八八考不完的试。各学期的期中期末考试，小学考初中，初中考高中，高中考大学，大学考研究生。这是入门考，还有各种资格考：英语四六级考试，计算机水平考试，律师资格考试；还有饭碗考：求职笔试，面试，公务员考试。

      很不幸的是：以上所有这些考试我都参加过，无一幸免。就好像呆在地球上你就要感受到地心引力一样。

       考试究竟能给你带来什么？

       就我个人而言，我感觉考试没有为我带来任何东西。

       考试是什么？

       考试作为社会发展进程中一种社会化的管理手段，首先，它是一种群体性的管理方法。现在它又变成一些精明的人谋利的手段。

       我坚持认为：杰出才能的人和不同凡响的人肯定不是考试这个手段造就的。即使真的是禀性很高的人，在应付考试的过程中也会逐渐变的平庸。

        考试，在中国，它是要求你对给定的问题提供需要的答案。由于问题是给定的，答案也是要求标准化的，因此没有任何讨价还价的余地。也就是说你必须适应既定的问题。

        通过对考试本质的分析，我们可以知道：考试总是在一个限制的已知的范围来测试你掌握其所需要的知识面的程度。

       然而我们这个世界的本质是未知的，未知的范围是巨大而不可测的。 有价值的知识和信息也往往是潜在的，未知的。

        这个前提，就决定了走在考试这条路上的人具有开创性的可能就会小的多，所能获得的价值也会非常有限。因为即使是已知的有价值的信息，由于参与者众多，边际收益明显递减。

       回过头来，我们再看看历史上和当代那些具有开创性的伟大的人物，总结一下他们的经历，看看有哪一个人是在啃书本，也就是去适应已有的知识的圈子中走出来的。

       所以，对于年轻的一代，尤其是那些具有天赋的有潜质的人，要理解考试的本质，从而避免走进一条错误的路。考试虽然在小范围内，浅层次上能够带给你一些实质性的利益，比如更好的学校，更好的工作，更高的薪水。但此时你已经身陷在一个泥潭而不能出了：你只是一个普通人。

       对待考试的态度：

       作为个人，要重视它，但不能把所有的心思都放在上面。你要吃饭，就得适应这个社会的规则；但是如果你想有所发展，就必须有一些个人的创见和创造性的行为；

       对于国家，强迫它所有的人民应付一个模式的一系列考试，如果你说这个国家有前途，那实在是相当不可思议。这就是为什么中国学生应付考试都是一流，而最终和美国学生比业绩和收益出现天壤之别的原因所在。

      我念初中的时候认识两个朋友,一位是小陈,一位小吴. 他们两人和我一样出身贫寒,小吴只有父亲, 小陈家里相对好些.我家最差.他俩很有正义感,品行很正, 是那种和一般随意的弟子有区别的人.那时学校在偏远的雨坪山上,没有任何条件.我们经常一起锻炼身体,一起吃饭,一起听广播.我还记得那时候午间有个广播剧,叫做刑警803, 我们都爱听,而且节目正好是在中午吃饭之后的空隙播出.

    小陈数理化比较好,但是他初中毕业后选择上中专,吴不晓得什么原因大约在初三上半年辍学. 想当年,他的学习成绩在我们那个乡重点曾名列第三,他也受到班主任史诗霞的器重.我大脑一般,学习成绩一般,后来上了广水二中,一所很普通的高中.那个年代中专很吃香,据说是毕业就包分配,有工作.我父亲也想让我去读中专.可是我不知道脑袋里多了那个弦,执意要上高中,因为在我看来,中专读了就到头了,而我觉得就此到头,感觉就好象没有路可走一样.我的同村的兄弟小杨比我聪明十倍,他也选择去读中专.初中毕业是个分水岭,从此我们各奔东西.

     光阴似箭.

     再见到他们是2005年.

    那一年我因为寻找姐姐,被媒体经常报道,小陈了解到我的联系方式,给我打电话,于是我去他家看他.从94年到05年相隔10年有余.

     他说他读中专的时候染上肝炎,从此一直在家养病,他对会计很感兴趣,认为这是个有钱途的非同一般的职业,在家养病的同时努力自学,致力于报考注册会计师.这个东西我当然听说过,但是不好考.他又是自学,困难可想而知.一直没有结果. 那天下午我们一起步行去三里河,听说小吴的家就在那里. 那天小吴正好在家,他的妻子躺在床上快生小孩了. 小吴告诉我们他辍学后出去做泥瓦匠,抹墙面,8毛钱一平方米. 这些年积攒了一点钱,花了8000块买了同村的别人的二手砖房,然后去年刚结婚. 他看上去还是那张淳朴的娃娃脸,岁月的艰辛写在脸上,不过小吴心态很好,坦然面对各种差距,安然自己的生活.

     小陈的心态就比较突兀. 他总是要想着干一番大事. 我记得读初中的时候他就研究李嘉诚,研究松下幸之助,研究各种政治伟人. 这次当得知我搞海洋学,是个冷门专业,他就很为我惋惜,说我应该学法律,"你看,陈水扁就是学法律出身的,美国的那一个总统不是学法律的?" 言外之意,只要我学了法律,仿佛马上就可以问鼎中华人民共和国主席了.

    那一年的秋冬季节,我的那位读中专的同村兄弟小杨刚从上海打工回来,整天在村里和村民打麻将.家里还是住着土胚房. 我还没有从厦门大学毕业. 曲折在生活的未来正等候着我的脚步.

    2008年快结束了.又是三年过去了.

    在QQ上得知,小陈如今还是没有考到任何一个可以派上用场的,吃饭的"证".  他也没有好好去做任何一份工作,即使是普通的工作. 小吴没有联系,他的孩子该三岁了吧? 小杨不知音讯,他从不主动和我联系,即使我们同在老家.

    我的孩子也一岁半了.

    这些年我当然经历过许多曲折,见过许多世事.

    我最大的感慨,就是生活给我们这样的农村孩子的机会实在是非常的少.白手起家而有成就的人我碰到的很少, 大部分人,就象我在上文提到的兄弟们,被无情的生活吞噬了. 我自己,坦白的说,应该是异常努力,也仅能养家糊口,不过迩迩.假如我不死命在读书这条路上撑下去,会是什么结果呢? 我自己的家人就给出了答案. 我的大哥,一个小学毕业的农村青年, 不愿意做农活,又没有学到什么技术,又走不出农门,到现在还是孑然一身,贫困潦倒, 志气和体能全部消耗的无聊的岁月.

    我也见过有些人:

    在父母的安排上,上名牌大学好专业,接着念研究生,毕业的时候父母把房子买好了,工作也安排好了. ----这是权力阶层. 老百姓是没有办法企及的.

    有的父母比较有出息,能提供比较好的家庭教育和学校教育,能够在每一个阶段都上好学校,最后上名牌大学好专业,出来拿高薪. 这是近乎理想的状况.概率和买彩票差不多.

     还有一种,我们常见的, 小学或初中毕业的啥都不是的人,占据了肥沃的位置,衣食无忧,轻松自在.这种人是现有体制的既得利益者,也就是说只要保持现有政权,他们就可以安闲自在,这种状况没有可比性,况且他们并不是真正的强者，你断不能因此而愤世疾俗，自暴自弃．

   可是如我这般的农村弟子,则没有以上任何可能.

   我们的出身都很差,父母文化素质很低,很难在学业上占有优势,同时生活还面临各种考验.能读完一个普通大学,就已经是死里逃生了.

   今天我回顾走过的路, 我觉得和我类似的农村弟子,最要紧的是踏实走好一条路,树立可行的渐进的目标.

    这里有一个真实的发生在我的村子里的故事,我估计这样的故事在每个村子都可能上演:

    我的村子三面环水.前后两条河.  在80年代的时候,河里还有点鱼-----不象现在鱼鳞都找不着了. 那时候门前的大河有个小水泥坝.每当发大水的时候就有很多鱼沿着坝上水.我们村有个青年叫做付朝, 就瞅着这个机会了.他在水泥坝旁边围一个分渠,每隔一段时间这个分渠就积了很多鱼----就是那种不到一寸长的小毛沙鱼.他就上下一堵,一次可以捕好几斤,拿回家炒干,第2天到集市去卖.就这样干了好长时间,手头有了点钱,80年代忽然有些人闹着下广东,他手头有路费,也去了, 听说进了一家印刷厂,然后一干又是好多年. 再后来,我听说他在武汉买了房子. 对了,他也是小学毕业的.

     付朝也没有什么很高的学历和文化,但是他这种善于把握机会, 从小机会做起,一直做到农村打工仔中的上层,是令人佩服,也是很给人启发的.

     生活并没有现成的康庄大道给你走,中国是一个讲究人脉的社会,好的机会早就被许多有优势的人抢去了. 那么我们这些一无所有的人该怎么办?

    我们只能从我们能够企及的小机会做起, 步步为营,才能干出一番天地.

    农村弟子最忌眼高手低,心比天高,命比纸薄. 除非你有爱因斯坦那样的脑袋,否则异想天开一定会死的很惨.

     希望这篇文字能给所有遇到类似问题的人一点启发.

                                                                                    杨德超       

                                                                         2008-12-24深夜于深圳

1 煤油灯

    在我十岁之前，也就是整个80年代期间，我家的照明器材一直是煤油灯，那时候电灯也有，但是经常停电，其次是电价很贵，所以我们家一到晚上就点煤油灯，而且睡的很早。煤油灯最大的特点是烟大，火焰也不明亮，用那东西照明写作业，看的很不容易。我小时候一个拿手的活就是做煤油灯，用废弃的墨水瓶，来块罐头瓶的铁皮盖子，卷成一跟小管，在酒瓶盖子中央凿个孔，穿进去，里面套上棉线做的灯芯，一个煤油灯就大功告成了。那时候我家所有的煤油灯都是我做的。

     现在都用上了电灯，煤油灯已经绝迹了。

2 车水

    这是我印象中非常辛苦的活。那时候有抽水机，但全村只有一台，是公家的柴油机抽水机。每家里常见的是那种木材做的水车， 一段6米长左右的木槽，套上木头页子链条 ，上面一个轱辘。可以直接手摇，或者借助木拐。这个东西取水的效率很低，因为木头页子密封性非常差，水一边往上推，一边向下流。一亩地要车一天才行。我小时候干活很实在，从来不晓得偷懒。我家每次车水自然都少不了我。车上一天水后是怎样的一种辛苦状态呢？两只手全部起水泡----那时我还小，不会用那种木拐；晚上躺在床上不能动弹，因为车水要一直弯着腰。

     现在都用上了抽水机，我家的木头水车放在阁楼上都被老鼠咬乱了。

3 挑水

      那时候家家都在池塘或者河里挑饮用水。家里放着一口大缸。挑一缸水可以用两天左右----农村的用水量不象我们现在这么大，洗个澡都要好多水。那时候洗澡也很少，洗衣服到河里去洗。

     挑水用的桶是木头做的-----那时候好多家庭容器都是木头做的。木头这玩意最容易吸水，一对吸了水的木桶自重都有20来斤。而且这种桶也装不了多少水。挑回来水左荡右荡剩下半桶。

     那时候我经常挑水。好在一天挑4担就够了。

     后来有了塑料桶----这玩意轻多了。

     再后来家家有了压水井。不用去挑了。

     前几年我在家里装了水塔和抽水机，现在他们吃水只需按一下电钮了。

4 磨豆腐

      我小的时候家里做豆腐，还要用那种石头磨来磨黄豆-----现在很多人已经没有办法想象那种石磨长的是什么样子了。好在我没有磨过，那是大人们的游戏。

5 做土砖

      小的时候我们那人家盖房子，好多还是用土砖。做土砖其实很容易，挑一块地，弄些水把泥和了，用牛反复的碾，使那泥土增强韧性，然后用一个木头框子压模成长方形，待干了之后码起来备用----这是一项力气活。那时候我家门前的稻场经常码满了晾晒的土砖，那是我们捉特务的好地方。

     从上面这些基本的生活元素，我们可以看到：在人类的工业文明发展了近两百年，中国的农村还延续着一千多年前的生活生产方式。可是这样的状况，却被某些人视而不见，这些人就是中国政治上所谓的左派。当今，我们还不时听到左派从各个角落发出的阴阳怪调。他们陶醉在某个阶段所谓的绝对公平，可是却对人民所饱受的困苦，贫穷，愚昧的状态却视而不见。我们可以猜想：这些左派，要么是那个时代的既得利益者，如今他们失势了，就如同落水的狗在那里呜咽。另一个可能是那个时代的局外人，他们只见树木，不见森林，在那里混淆视听。

      小平同志曾说过：我们要提防右，但更主要的是要防范左。真是有先见之明拉！

 

 

 

还有一些东西值得一说：

     我在念大学之前从来没有摸过电话。

    我在念大学之前从来没有见过电脑。

     我在念研究生之前没有用过手机。

 

 

     如果配备了1ml,10m移液器和50ml的连续加样枪，绝大部分的常规实验取样都可以解决问题了。工作效率可以极大的提高。这可以做为实验室的套装进行促销。